[The Passive] Using past participles as adjectives (stative passive)

Be can be followed by an adjective.

Paul is young.

Be can be followed by a past participle (the passive form).

The past participle is often like an adjective.

Paul is married.

Often the past participles in these expressions are followed by particular prepositions + an object.

Paul is married to Susan

1. be acquainted with	13 be excited about	25. be opposed to
2. be board with/by	14 be exhausted from	26. be pleased with
3. be broken	15. be finished with	27. be prepared for
4. be closed	16. be frightened of/by	28. be qualifid for
5. be composed of	17. be gone from	29, be related to
6. be crowded with	18. be hurt	30. be satified with
7. be devoted to	19. be interested in	31. be scared of/by
8. be disappointed in/with	20. be involved in/with	32 be scared of/by
9 be divorced from	21. be located in/south of	33. be shut
10. be done with	22. be lost	34. be terrified of/by
11. be drunk on	23. be made of	35. be tired of/from
12. be engaged to/in/on	24. be married to	36. be worried about

I'm tired of the cold weather. = I've had enough cold weather. I want the weather to get warm.

I'm tired from working hard all day. = I'm exhaused because I worked hard all day.

[The Passive] Using be used ,accustomed to and get used, accustomed to

I am used to hot weather.

I am accustomed to hot weather.

I am used to living in a hot climate.

I am accustomed to living in a hot climate.

I am getting used to the cold weather here.

I am getting accustomed to the cold weather here.

[The Passive] Common Non-Progressive Passive Verbs + Prepositions

be concerned	about
be excited
be worried
be discriminated	against
be known	for
be prepared
be qualified
be remembered
be well known
be divorced	from
be exhausted
be gone
be protected
be dressed	in
be interested
be located
be disappointed	in/with
be involved
be composed	of
be made
be tired
be frightened	of/by
be scared
be terrified
be accustomed	to
be addicted
be committed
be connected
be dedicated
be devoted
be engaged
be exposed
be limited
be married
be opposed
be related
be acquainted	with
be associated
be cluttered
be crowded
be done
be equipped
be filled
be finished
be pleased
be provided
be satisfied
be annoyed	with/by
be bored
be covered

[The Passive] Using the by phrase

When did someone invent the first computer? (someone = unnecessary)

When was the first computer invented?

People sell hammers at a hardware store. People use them to pound nails.

Hammers are sold at a hardware store. They are used to pound nails.

Has anyone ever hypnotized you?

Have you ever been hypnotized?

Someone has changed the name of this stree from Bay Avenue to Martin Luther King Way.

The name of this stree has been changed from Bay Avenue to Martin Luther King Way.

Chapts 1~4

Page 284

5.

Our mail is delivered before noon every day.

7.

A bad accident happened on Highway 95 last night.

10.

A new house will be built next to ours next year.

15.

A: Where are you going to go to school next year?

B: I have been accepted by Shoreline Community College.

17.

A: When was your bkie stolen?

B: Two days ago.

18.

A: Have you paid your electric bill yet?

B: No, I haven't, but I'd better pay it today. If I don't, my electricity will be shut off by the power company.

19.

A: Did you hear about the accident?

B: No. What happened?

A: A bicyclist was hit by a taxi in front of the dorm.

B: Was the bicyclist injyred?

A: Yes. Someone called an ambulance. The bicyclist was taken to City Hospital and was treat in the embergency ward for cuts and bruises.

B: What happened to the taxi driver?

A: He was arrested for reckless driving.d

B: He's lucky that the bicyclist wasn't killed.

20

[The Passive] The passive forms of the present and past progressive

The secretary is copying some letters.

Some letters are being copied by the secretary.

Someone is building a new hospital.

A new hospital is being built.

We couldn't use our classroom yesterday because someone was painting it.

We couldn't use our classroom yesterday because it was being painted.

Dogs usually wag their tails while people are petting them.

Dogs usually wag their tails while they are being petted.

Many of the older people in the neighborhood were growing vegetables to help with the war effort.

Vegetables were being grown by many of the older people in the neighborhood to help with the war effort.

[The Passive] Form of the passive

simple present	The teacher helps me.	I am helped by the teacher.
simple present	After class, one of the students always erases the board.	After class, the board is always erased by one of the sutdents.
simple present	Helicopters fascinate children.	Children are fascinated by helicopters.
present progressive	Tom is opening the door.	The door is being opened by Tom.
present perfect	The teacher has helped joe.	Joe has been helped by the teacher.
present perfect	The teacher has helped us.	We have been helped by the teacher.
simple past	The teacher helped me.	I was helped by the teacher.
simple past	The teacher helped them.	They were helped by the teacher.
simple past	I didn't write that note. Did Jim write it?	That note wasn't written by me. Was it written by Jim?
past progressive	Many was helping the boy.	The boy was being helped by Many.
past perfect	Many had helped the boy.	The boy had been helped by Many.
simple future	Toshi will invite Yoko to the party.	Yoko will be invited to the party by Toshi.
be going to	The teacher is going to help Tim.	Tim is going to be helped by the teacher.
future perfect	Tom will have opened the door.	The door will have been opened by Tom.
simple present	Sometimes my inability to understand spoken English frustrates me.	Sometimes I am frustrated by my inability to understand spoken English.
	Did the news surprise you?	Were you surprised by the news?
	Does Prof. Shapiro teach that course? No, he doesn't teach it.	Is that course taught by prof. shapiro? No, it isn't taught by him.
	Will the news shock Pat?	Will Pat be shocked by the news ?
	Did Ryan sign it?	Was it signed by Ryan ?
	Has Jim signed it yet?	Has it been signed by Jim yet?